DSIP Reviews

CH.04 / SOURCE RECORD

the reference reel

Every citation used on this site, with direct links to primary sources.

Primary Citations

The following citations are used across all pages of this site. PubMed links, DOIs, and PMIDs are provided for every source where available. All outbound links go to primary sources: PubMed, PubMed Central, ScienceDirect, Frontiers, and official FDA records.

[1] Schoenenberger GA. Characterization, properties and multivariate functions of delta-sleep-inducing peptide (DSIP). European Neurology. 1984;23(5):321-45. DOI: 10.1159/000115711. PMID: 6548966. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/6548966/

[2] Schneider-Helmert D, Schoenenberger GA. The influence of synthetic DSIP (delta-sleep-inducing-peptide) on disturbed human sleep. Experientia. 1981;37(9):913-7. DOI: 10.1007/BF01971753. PMID: 7028502. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7028502/

[3] Schneider-Helmert D. Effects of delta-sleep-inducing peptide on 24-hour sleep-wake behaviour in severe chronic insomnia. European Neurology. 1987;27(2):120-9. DOI: 10.1159/000116143. PMID: 3622582. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3622582/

[4] Dick P, Grandjean ME, Tissot R. Successful treatment of withdrawal symptoms with delta sleep-inducing peptide, a neuropeptide with potential agonistic activity on opiate receptors. Neuropsychobiology. 1983;10(4):205-8. DOI: 10.1159/000118012. PMID: 6328354. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/6328354/

[5] Larbig W, Gerber WD, Kluck M, Schoenenberger GA. Therapeutic effects of delta-sleep-inducing peptide (DSIP) in patients with chronic, pronounced pain episodes. A clinical pilot study. European Neurology. 1984;23(5):372-85. DOI: 10.1159/000115716. PMID: 6548970. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/6548970/

[6] Popovich IG, Voitenkov BO, Anisimov VN, Ivanov VT, et al. Effect of delta-sleep inducing peptide-containing preparation Deltaran on biomarkers of aging, life span and spontaneous tumor incidence in female SHR mice. Mechanisms of Ageing and Development. 2003;124(6):721-31. DOI: 10.1016/s0047-6374(03)00082-4. PMID: 12782416. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12782416/

[7] Stanojlovic OP, Zivanovic DP, Susic VT. The effects of delta sleep-inducing peptide on incidence and severity in metaphit-induced epilepsy in rats. Pharmacological Research. 2002;45(5):371-7. DOI: 10.1006/phrs.2001.0938. PMID: 11884222. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11884222/

[8] Iyer KS, McCann SM. Delta sleep-inducing peptide (DSIP) stimulates growth hormone (GH) release in the rat by hypothalamic and pituitary actions. Peptides. 1987;8(1):45-8. DOI: 10.1016/0196-9781(87)90163-x. PMID: 3575154. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3575154/

[9] Iyer KS, Marks GA, Kastin AJ, McCann SM. Evidence for a role of delta sleep-inducing peptide in slow-wave sleep and sleep-related growth hormone release in the rat. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA. 1988;85(10):3653-6. DOI: 10.1073/pnas.85.10.3653. PMID: 3368469. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3368469/

[10] Khvatova EM, Samartzev VN, Zagoskin PP, Prudchenko IA, Mikhaleva II. Delta sleep inducing peptide (DSIP): effect on respiration activity in rat brain mitochondria and stress protective potency under experimental hypoxia. Peptides. 2003;24(2):307-11. DOI: 10.1016/S0196-9781(03)00040-8. PMID: 12668214. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0196978103000408

[11] Schneider-Helmert D. Effects of DSIP on narcolepsy. European Neurology. 1984;23(5):353-7. DOI: 10.1159/000115713. PMID: 6548968. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/6548968/

[12] Iyer KS, McCann SM. Delta sleep-inducing peptide stimulates the release of luteinizing hormone from the rat hypothalamus. Brain Research Bulletin. 1987;19(5):535-8. DOI: 10.1016/0361-9230(87)90069-4. PMID: 2827064. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2827064/

[13] Bondarenko TI, Maiboroda EA, Mikhaleva II, Prudchenko IA. Mechanism of delta-sleep inducing peptide geroprotective activity. Advances in Gerontology. 2011;24(1):80-92. DOI: 10.1134/S2079057011040035. PMID: 21809625. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21809625/

[14] Tukhovskaya EA, Ismailova AM, Shaykhutdinova ER, Slashcheva GA, Prudchenko IA, Mikhaleva II, Khokhlova ON, Murashev AN, Ivanov VT. Delta Sleep-Inducing Peptide Recovers Motor Function in SD Rats after Focal Stroke. Molecules. 2021;26(17):5173. DOI: 10.3390/molecules26175173. PMID: 34500605. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8434407/

[15] Schneider-Helmert D. Effects of Delta Sleep-Inducing Peptide on Sleep of Chronic Insomniac Patients. Sleep. 1988;11(2):168-75. DOI: 10.1093/sleep/11.2.168. PMID: 3387055. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3387055/

[16] Vgontzas AN, Friedman TC, Chrousos GP, Bixler EO, Vela-Bueno A, Kales A. Delta sleep-inducing peptide in normal humans and in patients with sleep apnea and narcolepsy. Peptides. 1995;16(6):1153-6. DOI: 10.1016/0196-9781(95)00092-x. PMID: 8532601. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8532601/

[17] Mu X, Qu L, Yin L, Wang L, Liu X, Liu D. Pichia pastoris secreted peptides crossing the blood-brain barrier and DSIP fusion peptide efficacy in PCPA-induced insomnia mouse models. Frontiers in Pharmacology. 2024;15:1439536. DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1439536. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11498945/

[18] U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Pharmacy Compounding Advisory Committee meeting — July 23-24, 2026. Emideltide (DSIP) docket FDA-2025-N-6895. FDA Advisory Committee Calendar. https://www.fda.gov/advisory-committees/advisory-committee-calendar/july-23-24-2026-meeting-pharmacy-compounding-advisory-committee-07232026

  1. Schoenenberger GA. Characterization, properties and multivariate functions of delta-sleep-inducing peptide (DSIP). European Neurology. 1984;23(5):321-45. ↗
  2. Schneider-Helmert D, Schoenenberger GA. The influence of synthetic DSIP (delta-sleep-inducing-peptide) on disturbed human sleep. Experientia. 1981;37(9):913-7. ↗
  3. Schneider-Helmert D. Effects of delta-sleep-inducing peptide on 24-hour sleep-wake behaviour in severe chronic insomnia. European Neurology. 1987;27(2):120-9. ↗
  4. Dick P, Grandjean ME, Tissot R. Successful treatment of withdrawal symptoms with delta sleep-inducing peptide, a neuropeptide with potential agonistic activity on opiate receptors. Neuropsychobiology. 1983;10(4):205-8. ↗
  5. Larbig W, Gerber WD, Kluck M, Schoenenberger GA. Therapeutic effects of delta-sleep-inducing peptide (DSIP) in patients with chronic, pronounced pain episodes. A clinical pilot study. European Neurology. 1984;23(5):372-85. ↗
  6. Popovich IG, Voitenkov BO, Anisimov VN, Ivanov VT, et al. Effect of delta-sleep inducing peptide-containing preparation Deltaran on biomarkers of aging, life span and spontaneous tumor incidence in female SHR mice. Mechanisms of Ageing and Development. 2003;124(6):721-31. ↗
  7. Stanojlovic OP, Zivanovic DP, Susic VT. The effects of delta sleep-inducing peptide on incidence and severity in metaphit-induced epilepsy in rats. Pharmacological Research. 2002;45(5):371-7. ↗
  8. Iyer KS, McCann SM. Delta sleep-inducing peptide (DSIP) stimulates growth hormone (GH) release in the rat by hypothalamic and pituitary actions. Peptides. 1987;8(1):45-8. ↗
  9. Iyer KS, Marks GA, Kastin AJ, McCann SM. Evidence for a role of delta sleep-inducing peptide in slow-wave sleep and sleep-related growth hormone release in the rat. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA. 1988;85(10):3653-6. ↗
  10. Khvatova EM, Samartzev VN, Zagoskin PP, Prudchenko IA, Mikhaleva II. Delta sleep inducing peptide (DSIP): effect on respiration activity in rat brain mitochondria and stress protective potency under experimental hypoxia. Peptides. 2003;24(2):307-11. ↗
  11. Schneider-Helmert D. Effects of DSIP on narcolepsy. European Neurology. 1984;23(5):353-7. ↗
  12. Iyer KS, McCann SM. Delta sleep-inducing peptide stimulates the release of luteinizing hormone from the rat hypothalamus. Brain Research Bulletin. 1987;19(5):535-8. ↗
  13. Bondarenko TI, Maiboroda EA, Mikhaleva II, Prudchenko IA. Mechanism of delta-sleep inducing peptide geroprotective activity. Advances in Gerontology. 2011;24(1):80-92. ↗
  14. Tukhovskaya EA, Ismailova AM, Shaykhutdinova ER, Slashcheva GA, Prudchenko IA, Mikhaleva II, Khokhlova ON, Murashev AN, Ivanov VT. Delta Sleep-Inducing Peptide Recovers Motor Function in SD Rats after Focal Stroke. Molecules. 2021;26(17):5173. ↗
  15. Schneider-Helmert D. Effects of Delta Sleep-Inducing Peptide on Sleep of Chronic Insomniac Patients. Sleep. 1988;11(2):168-75. ↗
  16. Vgontzas AN, Friedman TC, Chrousos GP, Bixler EO, Vela-Bueno A, Kales A. Delta sleep-inducing peptide in normal humans and in patients with sleep apnea and narcolepsy. Peptides. 1995;16(6):1153-6. ↗
  17. Mu X, Qu L, Yin L, Wang L, Liu X, Liu D. Pichia pastoris secreted peptides crossing the blood-brain barrier and DSIP fusion peptide efficacy in PCPA-induced insomnia mouse models. Frontiers in Pharmacology. 2024;15:1439536. ↗
  18. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Pharmacy Compounding Advisory Committee meeting — July 23-24, 2026. Emideltide (DSIP) docket FDA-2025-N-6895. FDA Advisory Committee Calendar. ↗
  19. Kovalzon VM, Strekalova TV. Delta sleep-inducing peptide (DSIP): a still unresolved riddle. J Neurochem. 2006;97(2):303-9. ↗
  20. Graf MV, Kastin AJ. Delta sleep-inducing peptide. Eur J Anaesthesiol. 2001;18(7):415-7. ↗
  21. Kastin AJ, et al. Development of an enzyme immunoassay for delta sleep-inducing peptide (DSIP) and its use in the determination of the metabolic clearance rate of DSIP administered to dogs. Neuroendocrinology. 1984;39(4):287-93. ↗
  22. Schneider-Helmert D. Effects of delta sleep-inducing peptide on sleep of chronic insomniac patients. A double-blind study. Neuropsychobiology. 1992;26(4):230-3. ↗
  23. Schoenenberger GA, Monnier M. Characterization of a delta-electroencephalogram (-sleep)-inducing peptide. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1977;74(3):1282-1286. ↗
  24. Rahman OF, Lee SJ, Seeds WA. Therapeutic Peptides in Orthopaedics: Applications, Challenges, and Future Directions. J Am Acad Orthop Surg Glob Res Rev. 2026. ↗